Spot Treatment
Hyperpigmentation (dark spots on the skin) is a common problem in both sexes. The most common spot problems we encounter are as follows:
MELASMA is the most common cause of facial spotting. It is usually seen in women. It can also be seen in men. It is mostly in the form of light-dark brown patches of various sizes that can be located in areas exposed to the sun, especially on the forehead, cheeks, upper lip, nose and chin.
The cause is not known exactly. Sun exposure, genetic predisposition, pregnancy, use of birth control pills, thyroid dysfunction, ovarian dysfunction and some medications are emphasised.
First of all, it should be protected very well from the sun. Wide hats, sunglasses should be worn and sunscreen creams should be applied. Sunscreen creams should be applied in the morning and if you are going out, wait half an hour and repeat every four hours. 30 SPF and above, UVA and UVB protective creams should be used. 2 gr per 1 cm2 should be used.
Although there are many treatment options, achieving satisfactory results is a process that requires patience. Various decolouring agents (hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid etc.) and superficial peeling chemical agents are used. In cases resistant to these agents, various peeling applications are increasingly used in addition to classical treatments (enzyme peeling, green peel, blue peel, etc.). Various laser applications can be used. The most commonly used of these is carbon peeling. It is performed with QS lasers.
It occurs after many conditions such as physical traumas, allergic reactions, primary inflammatory diseases of the skin, therapeutic interventions. Pigmentation seen after acne can be given as an example.
It is mostly seen in dark coloured skin types and the possibility of permanence is higher in such people. First of all, it should be protected from the sun and the etiological factor should be eliminated to prevent further colour increase. With these precautions, some cases resolve spontaneously over time, but treatment may be difficult in resistant cases. Retinoids and decolouring agents are used together. If resistant, chemical peeling or laser treatments can be used.
They are spots located on the epidermis where sun rays play an important role in their formation. They are seen in large numbers in light-skinned people with prolonged sun exposure. It is most commonly seen on the back of the hand, forehead, back, shoulders and chest décolleté. Their size and number increase with age. LENTIGO SYMBLEX is a large number of spots smaller than 5 mm, of unknown cause, unrelated to sunlight, recognised in childhood. In the treatment of lentigo, cryotherapy or various laser applications are performed.
They are brown spots with a diameter of 5-6 mm, mostly located on the nose, cheeks, forearms, trunk and mostly on the nose, cheeks, forearms and trunk. They are more common in light skinned people with red hair. They become prominent in summer and mostly disappear in winter. It can also be seen in family members.